1996: Cardinal Franz König - 'On each visit I learn something new'

By Georg Hartl

07/10/2021
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By Georg Hartl

 

One of the enduring images of the 50th anniversary of the Initiatives of Change conference centre in 1996 is that of the Dalai Lama greeting the 90-year-old Cardinal Franz König.

Cardinal Franz König, Archbishop of Vienna between 1956 and 1985, had been an enthusiastic participant in Caux conferences since the early 1970s. ‘On each of my visits to Caux I learn something new, thanks to the great openness of mind of each person I meet,’ he told a conference in 1979. ‘Even as a bishop, I too need change, a “review of life”. The living example of those I see here inspires me.’

Even as a bishop, I too need change.

Cardinal König greets Dalai Lama in Caux in 1996, watched by Heinrich Rusterholz, President of the Federation of Protestant Churches in Switzerland. Credit: G. Williams
Cardinal König greets Dalai Lama in Caux in 1996, watched by Heinrich Rusterholz,
President of the Federation of Protestant Churches in Switzerland. Credit: Greg Williams

 

At the time, König was head of the Catholic church’s efforts to build bridges with the communist countries of Eastern Europe, holding the title of Secretary for Non-Believers. This, he quipped on one occasion, was not the reason he came to Caux.

I am convinced that the spirit of God is at work here.

‘Since the end of the second world war, Caux has been a place where people of different races, political opinions and classes have come together, often from seats of conflict that were threatening the peace of the world,’ he said in 1987. ‘Again and again a breakthrough has happened. I am convinced that the spirit of God is at work here.’

 

Father Bots, Michael Gonzi, Don Cardinal, Franz König 1973 in Caux, credit: Danielle Maillefer
With (first row, left) Michael Gonzi, Archbishop of Malta, and (2nd row, centre) Canadian First Nations leader, Don Cardinal, in Caux, 1973

 

As Archbishop of Vienna, he was known for his efforts to restore relations between Austria’s Social Democrats and the Catholic Church, which had been ruptured during the Nazi times. He and Bruno Kreisky, Federal Chancellor from 1970 to 1983, maintained a dialogue of utmost respect, despite serious differences over some issues.

He was also active in the global ecumenical movement after the Second Vatican Council, and in particular built bridges with the Eastern Orthodox churches. His commitment to building relationships with other religions was recognized by Muslim theologians when he was invited to lecture at Al-Azhar University in Cairo, a centre of Islamic scholarship.

 

Franz König, Jean-Marc Duckert, Andrew Stallybrass, Sydney Cook, 1973 , Caux
Cardinal Franz König speaking in Caux, 1973

 

In the 1960s and 1970s some leaders of the Catholic Church regarded Moral Re-Armament (now Initiatives of Change) with a certain skepticism, but König accepted invitations to Caux with interest. He clearly felt at home there, serving coffee to startled breakfasters and engaging deeply with those he met. His pastoral calling shone through all his encounters.

Much depends on changing our heart and thinking.

During one conference, he had breakfast with a group of young people. One came from an extremely difficult family background, had had a troubled youth and had found a new beginning in her life. König was deeply impressed by her story. After breakfast, to the surprise of his hosts, he asked if he could take the roses from the table. He handed them to this young woman, with his best wishes for her future.

 

Franz König and Philippe Mottu in Caux 1986, credit: Danielle Maillefer
With one of Caux's pioneers, Philippe Mottu (left), in Caux, 1986

 

In the 1980s, the Cardinal called on Caux to bring people together to address the environmental challenges facing the world. This led to a series of dialogues at Caux on the preservation of creation, attended by scientists and theologians as well voices from politics, industry and environmental journalism.

‘God has put the desire to create into his creature,’ König told the opening session of the dialogue in 1989. ‘Could it be a key for the future to awaken in each individual the desire to become creative in the preservation of Creation?’

 

Victor Weisskopf, Eduard Kellenberger, Franz König, 1989, Caux
Cardinal König (right) with participants in the 1989 dialogue on the preservation of creation at Caux:
(left) American nuclear physicist Victor Weiskopf and (centre) Eduard Kellenberger, the father of microbiology in Switzerland

 

He returned to the theme of the environment in his speech for Caux’s 50th anniversary. ‘There is a serious danger that progress in technology and communications will destroy mankind and his world. So much depends on changing our heart and thinking.’

‘In the last resort,’ he said at Caux in 1993, ‘we always come back to human beings and their spiritual search. We don’t just have a dark side – we also have a bright side. We can aim for good as well as for evil.’

 

Franz König in Caux, 1993
Celebrating his birthday in Caux, 1973

 

____________________________________________________________________________________________

 

Andrew Stallybrass 2017

Andrew Stallybrass remembers:

One evening, I walked down to supper in the Caux dining room with a Irish Protestant friend. He’d just been meeting with a group of British and was sad, angry, bitter even, that they’d talked about their national problems without once mentioning Ireland – at a time when the Troubles were in full swing.

I’d been elsewhere, and I had a supper planned, but wondered if I should cancel to try to repair an angry and bruised heart. My Irish friend went off and sat down alone at a small table against the wall.

I was aware that Cardinal König, just arrived from Vienna, was standing near me, and I could see a table of important people waiting for him in the bay window. Just before they saw him, he made a beeline for my Irish friend.

The two of them had supper together and the group waiting for him rightly felt that they couldn’t interrupt! The next day, the Irish friend told me that the evening had been a miracle of healing for him.

 

____________________________________________________________________________________________

 

This story is part of our series 75 Years of Stories about individuals who found new direction and inspiration through Caux, one for each year from 1946 to 2021. If you know a story appropriate for this series, please do pass on your ideas by email to John Bond or Yara Zhgeib. If you would like to know more about the early years of Initiatives of Change and the conference centre in Caux please click here and visit the platform For A New World.

 

  • Photo with Dalai Lama in 1986: Greg Williams
  • Photos with Father Bots etc + Philippe Mottu: Danielle Maillefer
  • All other photos: Initiatives of Change
  • Photo top with Karl Mitterdörfer in Caux, 1979
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1995: Marta Dąbrowska – ‘Summer comes and Caux comes’

By Mary Lean

06/10/2021
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By Mary Lean

 

In the early 1990s, after the fall of the Berlin Wall, large numbers of Eastern and Central Europeans came to the Initiatives of Change (IofC) conferences in Caux. Many, like Marta Dąbrowska from Poland, were young people who had grown up behind the Iron Curtain and were eager to explore the world.

Marta Dabrowska.jpeg

Marta, now an associate professor at the Institute of English Studies of the Jagiellonian University in Krakow, first came to Caux as an interpreter in 1992.

‘I knew nothing about interpreting,’ she says. ‘But I knew there were a lot of Poles at Caux, and that their English was probably worse than mine. I made a lot of mistakes, but it was a good environment to learn the skill. But being in the booth or interpreting at meals did not allow me to grasp the essence of Caux fully. I wanted to know more.’

She finds it hard to put her finger on what kept bringing her back after the interpreting was no longer needed. The beautiful scenery? The resonances with her Christian faith and the spirit of service instilled in her by her years in the scouting movement? The friendships she made? A sense of being a part of something greater?

Whatever the reason, Marta has returned to Caux every summer since – except for 2003, 2007 and the years of the pandemic. ‘For me, summer comes and Caux comes – they are inseparable,’ she says.

Caux has always been a place where I can breathe, where I can be myself.

Over the years she has volunteered as an interpreter, as office assistant and manager and on the team which sorts out who sleeps where. She has helped to plan conferences – especially those focused on the creative arts – and for three years was part of the Caux Preparation Group, coordinating Caux’s summer programme. In 2020 she was elected to the International Council of IofC.

‘Caux became my second home and family, a place I felt responsible for,’ she says. ‘It has always been a place where I can breathe, where I can be myself and not feel under pressure to live up to my role of a professor. The beauty of the place, its serenity, is extremely powerful for me.’

 

Marta Dabrowska group
The group who climbed the Dent de Jaman in 1995 (Marta is on the right)

 

In 1995, conference participants were offered a free day to walk in the mountains. Marta found herself the only woman in a group which included some Russian journalists. ‘Having been brought up under Communism, I had a kind of subconscious hate of Russians, an uneasy feeling about them. I knew Russian from school, but I wasn’t so keen on using it, so we barely spoke.’

I realized they were human just like the rest of us.

As they headed up and up, Marta realized to her alarm that they were going to climb the Dent de Jaman, a sheer tooth-shaped mountain. It was so steep she had to climb on all fours. ‘I was really scared. Those Russian guys helped me get to the top. I realized they were human just like the rest of us.’

Heinz und Gisela Krieg, credit Ivo Krieg
Heinz and Gisela Krieg

Another important encounter was with Heinz and Gisela Krieg. ‘For me as a Pole meeting a German who had been involved in the war was quite an experience. He was taking all the steps he could to bring reconcilation between our countries. We visited each other and for many years they used to phone me on 1 September, the anniversary of Germany’s invasion of Poland in 1939, just to tell me that they remembered.’ In 1998, with others, they brought together Poles and Germans for a conference in Krzyżowa.

After its launch in 1993, Marta became involved with Foundations for Freedom, which ran courses for young East and Central Europeans on the personal values which underpin democracy. She co-organized its first regional meeting in Krakow in 1995. 

‘In those days there were so many young Eastern Europeans involved,’ she says. Some continued their involvement with IofC, but others did not. She asks herself why.

‘They were young, they had energy, they were either studying or just graduated, they were curious about the world. They were attracted to the novelty of Caux, the excitement. But then life took over – getting jobs, establishing families.’ Money was also a barrier, once Caux started charging fees for participation, rather than simply encouraging donations. ‘Those who still come work behind the scenes in Caux, providing a service so that we can afford to stay in Caux.’

And so, why did she keep coming? She speaks of the care she received, from people from all over the world. ‘They didn’t just talk about love and unselfishness, they lived it. When people are angels to you, you feel that there is good in the world and you want to pass it on.’

 

Marta in Caux, 2017

 

____________________________________________________________________________________

 

This story is part of our series 75 Years of Stories about individuals who found new direction and inspiration through Caux, one for each year from 1946 to 2021. If you know a story appropriate for this series, please do pass on your ideas by email to John Bond or Yara Zhgeib. If you would like to know more about the early years of Initiatives of Change and the conference centre in Caux please click here and visit the platform For A New World.

 

  • Photo top, Heinz and Gisela Krieg: Initiatives of Change
  • Photo portrait and 1995: Marta Dabrowska
  • Photo Marta in Caux 2017: Ismar Villavicencio

 

 

 

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Building peace through improved land governance in West Africa

Geneva Peace Week 2021

04 November 2021

13:30 - 15:30 CET

 

WEBINAR FOR FRENCH-SPEAKERS

Environmental degradation poses a major threat to peace and security in semi-arid sub-Saharan Africa, where over 80% of the population is dependent on rain-fed agriculture and pastoralism, and where rural economic subsistence has long been inextricably linked to local cultures and rites.

The governance of land has become a particular challenge, as the availability of fertile land, water and pasture are threatened by climate change, and as modern and traditional ways of life collide. There, land degradation, deforestation, food insecurity, restricted access to some protected areas, migration, armed conflict, violent extremism and climate change are interacting in reinforcing feedback loops, with devastating consequences. Ungoverned spaces have been growing in size and violent extremist groups have been using the opportunity.

There is therefore a critical need to better understand how such challenges factor in today’s rising violence across the region.

And there is urgency to consider how environmental peacebuilding and conflict-sensitive land governance can be two essential tools to create virtuous cycles leading to both environmental and socio-political recovery. In theory, environmental challenges can bring conflict actors into dialogue and collaboration - because all sides ultimately depend on the natural environment and need peace to prosper.

Often the sticking point to the approach is the need to build trust and collaboration over the shared governance of natural resources - and therefore the need to connect the right actors from different constituencies - be they local communities, government agents or decision makers- and to foster dialogue.

These intriguing possibilities will be explored by the panellists based on their experience in their own context, looking at it from the security, land restoration, governance and climate resilience angles. This will contribute to better understanding of the environment and security nexus, to highlighting innovative practices and to bringing forward policy options, at a time when capacity to respond to the growing livelihood and security impacts of climate change puts the future of rural communities and of States themselves at stake.

 

The session will be held in French only and will unfold in three distinct phases:

  • a round of facilitated dialogue among the three panellists
  • a time dedicated to interactive exchange in breakout groups
  • a coming together for wrap-up and final policy conclusions.

 

For registration please note that you first need to register to Geneva Peace Week 2021 in general (see link below or top right) before you can choose which workshop in particular you wish to attend. If you wish to use the Geneva Peace Week app you can download it here: iOS , Android.

 

This event is co-organized by Initiatives of Change Switzerland and the Peace and Human Rights Division of the Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs (FDFA) as part of the Geneva Peace Week 2021.

 

Moderator

Olivia Lazard

Olivia Lazard

Environmental Peacemaking and Mediation Expert, Visiting Researcher at Carnegie Europe

Olivia Lazard (France) is an environmental, peacebuilding and mediation expert. She is also a visiting scholar at Carnegie Europe and the Director of Peace in Design Consulting Ltd, which specialises in political-economic conflict analysis, environmental peacebuilding and international security interventions. Olivia has recently worked with the European Peace Institute, developing its environmental peacebuilding programme and managing mediation support projects in sub-Saharan Africa and the MENA region.

 

Speakers

Alexis Kabore

Alexis Kaboré

Lecturer-Researcher in the Department of Sociology at the Université Pr. Joseph Ki-Zerbo de Ouagadougou

Dr. Alexis Kabore (Burkina Faso) comes from a peasant family in a small rural village. He studied in Ouagadougou and Geneva and holds a PhD in sociology, specialising in protected areas, forest communities and wildlife reserves. He has worked with local decentralised authorities, government departments, international organisations and protected areas such as WAP (W-Arly-Pendjari) and PONASI (Pô-Nazinga-Sissili). He also chairs the Nature and Development Association - NATUDEV in Burkina Faso, whose general objective is to contribute to positive interactions between the conservation of natural resources and the development of local communities, and the localities bordering the national protected areas are its priority action areas. NATUDEV is a member of the IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) and a member of the APAC World Consortium.

 
Safouratou Moussa Kane

Safouratou Moussa Kane

Promotion Secretary of the Niger branch of the Network of Pastoralist Organisations

Safouratou Moussa Kane is a Fulani / Hausa woman from Niger. She is Secretary General of the Women's Committee, and former Vice President of the Billital Maroobe Network (RBM), a network for the promotion of pastoralism that involves pastoralist associations in seven West African countries (Niger, Mali, Burkina Faso, Senegal, Mauritania, Benin and Nigeria). She is also the Promotion Secretary of the Niger branch (ROPEN/Niger) of the RBM. With a Master's degree in communication and a Master's degree in project management, she is actively working on the recognition of pastoral rights and the security of pastoral economies in the Sahel. Since 2013, she has been facilitating a local dialogue project related to land restoration in two localities in Niger particularly confronted with climate change and tensions between communities, which exacerbate extremist violence.

 
Ibrahim Yahaya Ibrahim
Ibrahim Yahaya Ibrahim

Senior Sahel Consultant Analyst, International Crisis Group - ICG, Dakar

Ibrahim YAHAYA IBRAHIM is a senior consultant analyst based in Dakar. Originally from Niger, he holds a PhD in political science from the University of Florida. His thesis focused on Islam and political protest in the Sahel region. It is a comparative study of protests, riots and jihadist insurgencies in Mauritania, Niger and Mali. He is co-founder and associate researcher of the Sahel Research Group. He is co-author of The Central Sahel: Scene of New Climate Wars?' (ICG, 24 April 2020), which highlights the link between the environment and violence, reminding us that human management of the challenges that arise is crucial.

 
 

REGISTER NOW

 

 

Photo banner: with the kind permission of World Vision Ghana


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By Maarten de Pous

30/09/2021
Featured Story
Off
By Maarten de Pous

 

Olivier Giscard d'Estaing Caux Round Table, photo Rob Lancaster
Olivier Giscard
d'Estaing
Frits Philips, photo Rob Lancaster
Frits Philips

In July 1994, a set of Principles for Business was launched at Caux by the Caux Round Table (CRT), an international forum of business leaders which had been meeting there since 1986.

The Principles were featured in The Financial Times, under the headline ‘The search for universal ethics’. The paper’s Management Editor, Tim Dickson, commented that it was possibly the first time that ‘a document of this kind has attracted influential supporters from Europe, Japan and the US’.

Nine years earlier, the chance of such common action seemed remote. In 1985 an article in a major Dutch newspaper, NRC Handelsblad, warned that Japan was going to ruin the European electronics industry, by offering their products way under the market value, in the same way as they had undercut the American automobile industry. It was headlined ‘The false smile of Japan’.

 

Olivier Giscard d'Estaing - unknown - Frits Philips, 1989
Olivier Giscard d'Estaing (left), Noboru Okamura, former chairman of Honda (centre) and Frits Philips (right)
at the 4th Annual Caux Round Table Global Dialogues, 1989

 

Frits Philips, the former CEO of Philips Electronics, and Olivier Giscard d’Estaing, vice-chairman of the management institute INSEAD in France, had both been involved in the annual industrial conferences that had been held at Caux since the early 1970s. They were so concerned about the threat of trade war that they wrote to Japanese business leaders whom they had met at these conferences and invited them to meet informally with senior business leaders from Europe and America.

The Japanese responded positively and in the summer of 1986 a delegation arrived at Caux. It included the president of Canon, Ryuzaburo Kaku, the former president of Matsushita Electronics, Toshihiko Yamashita, and the publisher of the Japan Times, Toshiaki Ogasawara.

 

Kaku Caux Round Table
Ryuzaburo Kaku in Caux

 

The first meeting of the 30 participants almost ended in disaster. The Japanese had been told that Caux was known for building trust and understanding, and for encouraging people to look for what is right rather than who is right. But the European and American participants were so frustrated about Japanese trade practices that they voiced their feelings in no uncertain terms. As is their custom, the Japanese participants listened, waiting patiently until they were given a chance to respond, but by that time they were so offended that they were in no mood to continue the session.

Caux was known for building trust and understanding, and for encouraging people to look for what is right rather than who is right.

Fortunately, during the lunch break it was agreed to try a new approach. The afternoon started in small groups, with the Japanese participants speaking first. The atmosphere improved and fruitful conversations continued for the rest of the two-day meeting. At the end, the participants agreed to meet annually in Caux.

 

Image
Caux Round Table 1989 with: Yvonne van Rooy, Minister for Foreign Trade of The Netherlands (1st from the left),
Olivier Giscard d'Estaing (6th from the left), Frits Philips (8th from the left), Ryuzaburo Kaku (4th from the right)

 

These gatherings became known as the Caux Round Table Global Dialogues. Between them, smaller meetings took place in Japan, the US, Taiwan, Singapore, China, Mexico and various European countries, organized with the help of IofC colleagues in Japan and the US.

During these dialogues, it became clear that there was a need for business principles that would include the interests and responsibilities of all stakeholders.

There was a need for business principles that would include the interests and responsibilities of all stakeholders.

Using the Minnesota Principles (developed by the Minnesota Center for Corporate Responsibilty) as a useful base, the CRT drew up its own Principles for Business.

In the weeks following Tim Dickson’s article in The Financial Times, the CRT Secretariat in The Hague was inundated with orders for the Principles from business schools, company executives, news media and academics all over the world. As the European Coordinator of the CRT it was my (Maarten de Pous) task to respond to this avalanche of interest.

 

Olivier Giscard d'Estaing Caux Round Table
Oliver Giscard d'Estaing speaking at the Caux Round Table

 

Later translated into 12 languages, the Principles laid an emphasis on identifying shared values, reconciling differing ones, and developing a ‘shared perspective on business behaviour acceptable to and honoured by all’. Tim Dickson wrote, ‘The Principles are said to be drawn from two ethical traditions: the Japanese philosophy of kyosei, described by Canon’s Ryuzaburo Kaku as “living and working together for the common good of mankind” and “human dignity” which refers to the sacredness or value of each person as an end, not simply as a means to the fulfilment of other’s purposes or even majority prescription.’

Businesses should protect.

In 1994, corporate social responsibility was already an accepted concept. But the Principles were specific about what it means for a business to go beyond shareholders’ interests towards those of all stakeholders: customers, employees, owners/investors, suppliers, competitors, communities. And they stressed that businesses should protect and, where possible, improve the environment, promote sustainable development, and prevent the wasteful use of natural resources.

Today the Caux Round Table continues as the Caux Round Table Japan and as the Caux Round Table for Moral Capitalism, based in the US. Initiatives of Change Switzerland continues to promote the heritage of the Caux Round Tables, supporting and hosting events on ethical leadership in business.

 

____________________________________________________________________________________________

 

Olivier Giscard d'Estaing Caux Round Table

As we were about to post this article, we received the sad news that Olivier Giscard d'Estaing, one of the co-founders of the Caux Round Table, had died at the age of almost 94 on 13 September 2021. He was a French businessman and politician, known for his role in founding and directing the INSEAD business school in Fontainebleau. 

On a visit to Japan for a CRT gathering in 1987, he told his Japanese hosts: ‘We believe in miracles. Japan has already performed two: that of her postwar reconstruction and that of her breakthrough to the position of second-biggest economy in the world. Together we now have to perform a third one  –  that of partnership in the solution of existing tensions.'

 

____________________________________________________________________________________________

 

 

The 7 Caux Round Table Principles for Responsible Business

 

Principle 1:

Respect stakeholders beyond shareholders. A responsible business has responsibilities beyond its investors and managers.

Principle 2:

Contribute to economic and social development.

Principle 3:

Build trust by going beyond the letter of the law.

Principle 4:

Respect rules and conventions.

Principle 5:

Support responsible globalization.

Principle 6:

Respect the environment.

Principle 7:

Avoid illicit activities.

 

____________________________________________________________________________________________

 

Discover the video 25 Years Caux Round Table (2012).

 

 

____________________________________________________________________________________________

 

This story is part of our series 75 Years of Stories about individuals who found new direction and inspiration through Caux, one for each year from 1946 to 2021. If you know a story appropriate for this series, please do pass on your ideas by email to John Bond or Yara Zhgeib. If you would like to know more about the early years of Initiatives of Change and the conference centre in Caux please click here and visit the platform For A New World.

 

  • Photo portrait Frits Philips and Oliver Giscard d'Estaing: Rob Lancaster
  • All other photos: Photographer unknown
  • Video: 25 Years Caux Round Table (2012), created by www.keystoneprod.com.

 

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‘Where Grieving Begins – Building Bridges after the Brighton Bomb’: a live interview with Patrick Magee

A Tools for Changemakers event in the 'Stories for Changemakers' series

29/09/2021
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A Tools for Changemakers event in the 'Stories for Changemakers' series

By Hajar Bichri

 

The second in Tools for Changemakers’ series of Stories for Changemakers took place on 25 August 2021, with an interview with Patrick Magee, who planted a bomb at the Grand Hotel, Brighton, in 1984, which killed five people. The series aims to foster difficult conversations by telling less-heard stories which explore both sides of a conflict.

Sixty-five people from Africa, Asia, Europe and the Americas listened in as Patrick Magee talked to Neil Oliver about his memoir, Where Grieving Begins – Building Bridges after the Brighton Bomb. After the interview, there was an opportunity for discussion in breakout rooms and questions to the speaker.

 

Patrick Magee (left) and Neil Oliver (right). Photo: Jeremy Le Fèvre

 

Patrick joined the provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) at the age of 19. He spent 14 years in prison for his role in the Brighton bombing and was released in 1999 as part of the Good Friday Agreement.

In his book, Patrick describes the label of ‘the Brighton bomber’ as a ‘a thought- terminating cliché’, which, by placing the focus on him, has robbed people of understanding the context of the bombing.

The title of his book, Patrick explained, comes from a poem by the Chilian writer and politician Pablo Neruda:

 

The traveller asks himself: if he lived out

a lifetime, pushing the distance away,

does he come back to the place where his grieving began:

squander his dose of identity again,

say his goodbyes again, and go?

Patrick Magee interview

What I didn’t understand was Jo had a similar need to continue the talk.

Patrick saw planting the bomb as a ‘political obligation’. Seventeen months after his release from prison, he met Jo Berry, the daughter of its victims and was overwhelmed by the magnitude of the situation. ‘You’re about to walk in the room and meet this person, and you’ve killed her father.’ The experience of meeting someone he had hurt but could not detect any animosity from was a tipping point. Two weeks later, Jo reached out to him again. ‘What I didn’t understand was Jo had a similar need to continue the talk,’ Patrick says.

In reply to a question about what he had learnt from Jo, Patrick spoke of the need to examine the past from different angles and the realization that just as his side had been demonized, they too had demonized those they saw as the enemy. He recalled thinking to himself as Jo talked about her father, ‘The goodness and value I perceive from this woman must at some level come from this man, and I killed him. When you break that down, I’ve killed a fine human being.’

 

Patrick Magee Neil Oliver Jo Berry screenshot

 

Answering questions from the audience, he expressed the inadequacy of the history taught in British schools and the lack of understanding of the effect on people of the partition of Ireland in 1921.

He was asked whether when he planted the bomb he was thinking about innocent victims. ‘There was consideration given to the likely consequences of the bomb,’ he replied. ‘For example, the bomb was planted at a time we thought civilians were least likely to be caught up in it… We were targeting those we felt most culpable for the conflict, those giving the orders that fed the terrorism on our streets.’

Would he be prepared to use violence again for the unification of Ireland? ‘No, leaving to say the fact that I am 70 and perhaps beyond being able to contribute in that fashion, I don’t believe violence is required to achieve our end… I am fully back in support of the peace process and its continuation and I believe in the end that will prevail.’

Jo, who had spoken in a similar Tools for Changemakers event, was part of the audience on this occasion. Towards the end, she and Patrick agreed that empathy played a crucial role in their dialogue and forgiveness process. ‘To make progress, it’s about getting to a situation of empathy where you try at least to understand and to explain,’ said Patrick. Jo added, ‘For me, empathy is more important than forgiveness.’

Empathy is more important than forgiveness.

Jo Berry Patrick Magee
Jo Berry and Patrick Magee in Caux, 2018

 

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 

What the audience said

 

I’m from Cork and I’ve lived most of my life in Ireland. What you have to say is very much needed for the Republic of Ireland as well. I didn’t think I’d live to hear someone like you talking. So thank you. 

Elaine Gordon

I have been so moved by their journey and courage to continue on the journey. I have learned so much and been so inspired by their sharing with the world.

Barbara 

I feel there is a need for deeper discussions on this subject. I was really supported in my area where I have difficulties and insecurities to handle.

Olga

 

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 

You missed the event? Watch the replay here.

 

 

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 

Partner Organizations

 

The event was offered under the Young Ambassadors Programme as part of the Caux Forum Online 2021, in partnership with Movetia, Edventure: Frome and Beyond Boundaries

 

Tools for Changemakers is continuing to develop the Stories for Changemakers series, addressing different sides of conflicts. To learn more about upcoming events, keep an eye on our website.

 

 

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1993: Somalia – ‘If you can have peace in Galkayo, you can have it anywhere’

By John Bond

27/09/2021
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By John Bond

 

Among the Somalis at Caux in 1993 were Hassan Mohamud and Ahmed Egal, both from Galkayo, one of Somalia’s most violent cities.

Ahmed Egal
Ahmed Egal
Hassan Mohamud
Hassan Mohamud

For decades the two clans which dominate Galkayo – the Hawiye and the Darood – have been at war. The last outbreak of conflict – in which over 40 died and hundreds were injured – was in 2016. But since then, Galkayo has seen no clashes. ‘Relationships and good neighbourliness have significantly improved,’ reported the Puntland Post in June this year. In part this is thanks to the work of Somalis inspired by Caux.  

Hassan Mohamud belongs to the Hawiye clan; Ahmed Egal to the Darood. Both opposed the regime of the dictator Siad Barre, who ruled Somalia from 1969 to 1991. Forced to flee, they each found asylum in Sweden. There Egal encountered Initiatives of Change. His change in attitude so struck Mohamud that, despite being a clan enemy, he phoned Egal and asked to meet. Long discussions resulted in their decision to work together to reconcile Galkayo.

At Caux in 1993, together with other Somalis, they drew up a list of potential peacemakers from different clans who they wanted to experience Caux. Among them was Yusuf Al-Azhari, also from Galkayo.

 

Somalia
African peacemakers at Caux in 2000: (l to r) Fesseha Fre, Eritrea; Mammo Wudneh, Ethiopia; Hassan Mohamud (in front); Bethuel Kiplagat, Kenya; Abdulrahman El Khatib, Egypt; Yusuf Al-Azhari; Ahmed Egal

 

In the 1960s Al-Azhari had married the daughter of the Somali Prime Minister and was favoured with senior public service and diplomatic positions. Then came the coup which brought Siad Barre to power. Al-Azhari was imprisoned and tortured to the point of madness: ‘I was full of anger, hatred and depression. I was completely dehydrated, all skin and bones. I lost half my weight.

‘One night I knelt, soaked in tears, and pleaded with the Almighty Creator to give me peace and a vision to guide me. That night I was exalted spiritually in my cell. When I finally stood up, eight hours had passed. My inner voice told me that I had deluded myself. “Be honest to yourself and to those around you, and you will be the happiest person on earth.” From that day, I was freed from fear and despair. Love had been planted in my heart. Hatred evaporated. I realized that I was responsible for my past actions. I vowed to serve my fellow citizens, poor and rich.’

Be honest to yourself and to those around you, and you will be the happiest person on earth.

At the time Somalia was degenerating into chaos and poverty, and after six years Al-Azhari and his fellow prisoners were turned loose. His wife had been told that he had died, and she fainted when he arrived home, emaciated and with a beard that fell to his knees.

In the following years he attempted to fulfil his vow to serve. When Egal’s invitation reached him, he responded immediately. They met, and Al-Azhari accepted the invitation to Caux. His conviction grew that Somalia needed ‘a massive grassroots revolution where moral revival is a vehicle to reform politics, encouraging the clans to live together in peace’. In the following years, he and his colleagues brought other Somali leaders there, and their network grew.

 

Somali president Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed (left, Ali Abdullah Saleh (president Republic of Yemen, right). Yusuf Al-Azhari centre (advisor to Somali president 2004-2008)
Yusuf Al-Azhari was an advisor to the President of Somalia, Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed, from 2004-2008. Here he is with the Somali President (left) and Ali Abdullah Saleh, President of the Republic of Yemen (right).

 

In 2001 Mohamud joined Al-Azhari in Galkayo, and Egal followed soon after. Throughout the following years, together with their growing team, they held forums and workshops on the qualities of a peacemaker, and training courses which enable both men and women to gain employment. They asked the Somali diaspora for support, and built 22 new schools.

Conflict continued in Galkayo, but so did the efforts of the peacemakers. After the 2016 outbreak, a truce was negotiated – and it has held. Since then, international agencies have been better able to provide development support, and employment is growing.

Today people can move freely across the city, and intermarriage between the clans is growing. Now Mohamud and Egal are developing peace programmes for Galkayo’s primary schools.

 

Egal and Mohamud visiting 5 cities in Somalia, Galkayo 2019
In 2019 Egal and Mohamud took their experience of forgiveness and transformation to five Somali cities. Here is a meeting in Galkayo.

 

Violence is not the only challenge in this arid region. In 2017 Al-Azhari rescued a group of over 140 small children from drought and famine and brought them to Galkayo. When he died in June this year, aged 80, he was still looking after 90 of these children. Mohamud has now arranged for one of his clansmen to continue the care of these children.

On a 2018 visit to Galkayo, the UN Secretary-General’s special representative for Somalia, Michael Keating, said, ‘If you can have peace in Galkayo, you can have peace anywhere in Somalia.’ That is the aim of Galkayo's peacemakers.

I realized that I was responsible for my past actions. I vowed to serve my fellow citizens, poor and rich.

 

 

Egal, Mohamud with Khadija Mohamed, Somali Minister of Youth and Sports, during their campaign 2019
Egal and Mohamud with Khadija Mohamed, Somali Minister of Youth and Sports, during their 2019 campaign

 

____________________________________________________________________________________________

 

This story is part of our series 75 Years of Stories about individuals who found new direction and inspiration through Caux, one for each year from 1946 to 2021. If you know a story appropriate for this series, please do pass on your ideas by email to John Bond or Yara Zhgeib. If you would like to know more about the early years of Initiatives of Change and the conference centre in Caux please click here and visit the platform For A New World.

 

  • Photo top and teaser: Lul Kulmiya
  • Photo with Khadija Mohamed: Bashir Mohamed
  • All other photos: photographers not known

 

 

 

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1992: Hope in the Cities – 'Where healing can take place'

By Rob Corcoran

24/09/2021
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By Rob Corcoran

 

In July 1992, 80 Americans arrived at the Initiatives of Change Switzerland conference centre in Caux with an urgent question: how to address racism, poverty and alienation in US cities. Rob Corcoran who worked for Initiatives of Change in Richmond, Virginia, at that time, remembers.

Three months earlier, Los Angeles had exploded after the acquittal by a largely white jury of four white police officers who were caught on camera beating a Black motorist, Rodney King. Four days of riots, violence and looting had left more than 50 dead and 1,100 properties destroyed.  

Just a month before the events in Los Angeles, a group from several US cities had met in Richmond, Virginia, and agreed to work towards a public event which would directly address the issue of race, under the auspices of Hope in Cities. Still in its early stages of development, Hope in the Cities was a grassroots initiative, based in Richmond – capital of the Confederate states in the American Civil War – and inspired by Initiatives of Change. My wife, Susan, and I hosted a home where the group often met.

 

Hope in the Cities team at Caux: l to r: Audrey Burton, Collie Burton, Cricket White, Walter Kennedy, Cleiland Donnan, Tee Turner, Rob Corcoran (photo Karen Greisdorf)
The Hope in the Cities team (left to right): Audrey Burton, Collie Burton, Cricket White, Walter Kenney, Cleiland Donnan, Tee Turner, Rob Corcoran

 

Richmond’s mayor, Walter Kenney, led a delegation of 22 community leaders to the conference in Caux. They included Howe Todd, a senior white city administrator, and Collie Burton, a Black community organizer who had strongly opposed Todd on policy issues. The two men had built an unexpected friendship and their new approach had stirred city-wide interest.  

At Caux, the Richmonders met with young community activists and racial equality officers from the UK, leaders of the favellas in Rio de Janeiro and former gang members from Los Angeles. They heard from Bernard Gauthier, the former chief of police of Northern France, and John Smith, an Australian Methodist minister whose ‘God Squad’ bike gang reached out to street kids, drug addicts and others in youth subcultures.

If it can’t happen in Caux, where can it happen?

At times the conference sessions were confrontational. Many participants were raw from experiences of racism. Audrey Brown Burton, who had worked in New York’s Department of Corrections, was outspoken about the issue. ‘Our criminal justice system is criminal,’ she declared, noting that Black Americans received, on average, longer sentences than whites for the same crimes.

In the face of such blunt talk many whites turned silent. Black caucuses formed and there was even a walkout in protest at one speaker. An alarmed white Britisher said to me, ‘This should not be happening in Caux.’ My response was, ‘If it can’t happen in Caux, where can it happen?’

 

Unveiling of reconciliation statue Richmond 2007 (photo Karen Greisdorf)
Unveiling of the reconciliation
statue in Richmond, 2007
Tee Turner at the reconciliation statue (photo Rob Corcoran)
Tee Turner at the reconciliation statue

Over the days, silence and confrontation gave way to honest conversation. Melanie Trimble, a white student from the southern US said, 'I want to ask forgiveness for my prejudice and indifference.' She said she had had good Black friends in school 'but we just didn't talk about race solutions much and I've never myself been in a place where whites and Blacks were working on race directly and being honest about it’.

One day, many of the Americans gathered to reflect on what they had experienced. Melanie urged the group to focus on themes of ‘racism, reconciliation and responsibility’. At the end of the meeting, we stood in a circle and committed ourselves to the healing of racism in America. Many of us knew that we were making a lifetime commitment.

Mayor Kenney invited the conference delegates to Richmond the following year. The Americans stated their commitment to facing ‘the agony of race, which stems from the original sin in our national soul – slavery’.

In June 1993, 500 people from cities across the USA as well as Africans, Asians, Latin Americans, Australasians and Europeans, joined Richmonders for a conference on ‘Healing the Heart of America: An Honest Conversation on Race, Reconciliation and Responsibility’. Melanie Trimble took on the formidable task of organizing logistics for the highlight of the conference: Richmond’s first walk through its history of racism and slavery.

Many of us knew that we were making a lifetime commitment.

 

Hope in the Cities - Richmond's first walk through its history of slavery, 1993 (photo Rob Lancaster)
Richmond's first walk through its history of slavery, 1993

 

In the following years, Hope in the Cities developed an approach to dialogue which was taken up by cities across America. Richmond created a Slave Trail Commission and is now developing a museum and heritage centre on the site of its former slave market. In 2007, Governor Tim Kaine led Virginia in becoming the first state to apologize for its role in promoting and defending slavery, and 5,000 people, including representatives from African countries involved in the slave trade, celebrated the unveiling of a reconciliation statue by Liverpool sculptor, Steven Broadbent. The universities, museums and libraries have formed a consortium to tell Richmond’s history honestly and inclusively.

 

Tee Turner leading a group along the Richmond Slave Trail (photo Guy Woodland)
Tee Turner leading a group along the Richmond Slave Trail

 

I worked closely with Dr Gail Christopher of the WK Kellogg Foundation as she developed the concept for a national Truth, Racial Healing & Transformation initiative. In 2013 she brought 20 leaders of racial healing and racial justice organizations to Caux. As we walked along the terrace, she said to me, ‘This is a place where healing can take place’.

This is a place where healing can take place.

 

____________________________________________________________________________________________

 

Rob Corcoran

Rob Corcoran is a trainer, facilitator, writer and racial healing practitioner. His book Trustbuilding: An Honest Conversation on Race, Reconciliation, and Responsibility has been described as a ‘visionary, compelling account of healing and change'.

 

More about Hope in the Cities here.

 

 

 

 

 

____________________________________________________________________________________________

 

Watch the recording of the Healing the Heart of America initiative (1993).

 

____________________________________________________________________________________________

 

This story is part of our series 75 Years of Stories about individuals who found new direction and inspiration through Caux, one for each year from 1946 to 2021. If you know a story appropriate for this series, please do pass on your ideas by email to John Bond or Yara Zhgeib. If you would like to know more about the early years of Initiatives of Change and the conference centre in Caux please click here and visit the platform For A New World.

 

  • Photo top showing Dr Robert Tayor (left), John Smith, Audrey Burton in Caux, 1992: Rob Corcoran
  • Photo Richmond's first walk: Rob Lancaster
  • Photo Tee Turner at statue: Rob Corcoran
  • Photo team & unveiling of statue: Karen Greisdorf
  • Videos Healing the Heart of America: Initiatives of Change International
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1991: Anna Abdallah Msekwa – Creators of Peace

By Mary Lean

19/09/2021
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By Mary Lean

 

The 680 women – and some men – who packed the Main Hall of the Caux Palace for the launch of Creators of Peace 30 years ago came from 62 countries and a mind-boggling variety of backgrounds: a Mohawk clan-mother and a Russian contralto, the Queen Mother of Lesotho and a Cypriot TV actress turned politician, the First Ladies of Botswana and Uganda, a child psychologist from El Salvador, an American expert on conflict resolution.

 

Anna Abdallah with Josi Meer and Ahunna Eziakonwa
Anna Abdallah Msekwa (right) with Josi Meer (left) and Ahunna Eziakonwa (centre), 1991

 

Woman after woman spoke of the challenges facing her country – war, poverty, indigenous deaths in custody, domestic violence – and her determination to make a difference, whether at government level or the grass roots. Participants had set up schools, feeding programmes, initiatives to encourage women to vote, efforts to build bridges between host and immigrant communities. 

Anna Abdallah
Anna Abdallah Msekwa
Creators of Peace conference 2005  credit: Isabelle Merminod
Creators of Peace conference, 2005

The initiator of this ferment of worldviews, experience and action was a Tanzanian cabinet minister and womens’ leader, Anna Abdallah Msekwa. She had been one of her country’s first female District Commissioners. In an interview in 1990, she told Ailsa Hamilton how people would complain to the Regional Commissioner that the District Commissioner was out of the office. He would say, ‘The Commissioner is there’, and they would reply, ‘But there’s only a woman!’

Later, as the country’s first female Regional Commissioner, she presented herself as a ‘visual aid’ in communities where girls were not sent to school. ‘In over a quarter of the region I went on foot, because there were no roads, and when the rains made large areas impassable, we went by canoe. I used to take my children with me sometimes just to prove I was a real woman!’

I used to take my children with me sometimes just to prove I was a real woman!

As Regional Commissioner, she championed women’s cooperatives and land rights, and recruited women for district administration. ‘Because women could now go straight to the Regional Commissioner, they developed a habit of not fearing the government.’

 

Launch of Creators of Peace in Caux 1991
Launch of Creators of Peace in Caux, 1991

 

By 1989, when she first came to Caux, she was in the first of many Cabinet posts – the last being Minister of Health, from which she retired in 2005.

‘I have always been an outspoken person,’ she told Ailsa Hamilton, ‘but sometimes I would keep quiet when I knew I should speak out. I would think, “Why should I quarrel with so and so?” Then I went to a Moral Re-Armament (now Initiatives of Change) conference, and I realized that I had a duty to use my talent. If there are things to be said, they must be said.’ 

I realized that I had a duty to use my talent. If there are things to be said, they must be said.

 

Participants first Creators of Peace conference 1991 credit Philip Carr
Participants in the first Creators of Peace conference, 1991

 

The idea of Creators of Peace stemmed from her experiences at international women’s conferences during the UN Decade for Women (1975 to 1985). She had come away feeling that they did not go deep enough. ‘We forgot we were women,’ she said. ‘We didn’t talk much about peace, we just expressed our country’s political views.’

Peace, she realized, was more than the absence of war. ‘What peace can exist in an environment of abject poverty? We must create the positive element called “peace”. And that means beginning with ourselves. Women are the missing link. We see things differently from men. Even if you are on the winning side, if you have lost your children, your husband, there is no cause for a woman to rejoice.’

Women are the missing link. We see things differently.

Creators of Peace Asia Regional meeting 2020 India
Creators of Peace Asia Regional Meeting in India, 2020

 

On that first visit to Caux, Anna Abdallah Msekwa floated her vision of a women’s initiative to create peace, beginning with a conference in 1991. Women from many countries rallied around her, determined to make it happen. Amina Dikedi Ajakaiye, now the President of Creators of Peace International, remembers working with other young women in Lagos to raise money for the conference through a fashion show and singing competition. Once in Caux, they led many of the conference meetings. 

Since 1991, Creators of Peace has held ten international conferences in Switzerland, India, Australia, Uganda, Kenya and South Africa. Today its main tool is Peace Circles: small groups of women who meet over a weekend or a series of weekly meetings to explore their potential as peace creators, share their stories and plan individual or common action.

 

Peace circle in Baringo County, Kenya
Creators of Peace Circle in Baringo County, Kenya

 

In Kenya, women from warring communities have come together; in Burundi, peace circles include development education and help women (and men) address past trauma; in Nepal, they are reaching young people in the country’s least developed areas; in Syria, they have offered a haven during war and now focus on rebuilding. Creators of Peace Circles have taken place in more than 50 countries and increasingly, since the pandemic, online.

At that first conference in Caux, Anna Abdallah Msekwa challenged the women present to 'create peace wherever we are, in our hearts, our homes, our workplace and our community. We all pretend that someone else is the stumbling block… Could that someone be myself?’ 

 

 

____________________________________________________________________________________________

 

Watch the video celebrating 30 years of Creators of Peace (2021)

 

 

Discover a Creators of Peace video for International Women's Day 2019

 

____________________________________________________________________________________________

 

This story is part of our series 75 Years of Stories about individuals who found new direction and inspiration through Caux, one for each year from 1946 to 2021. If you know a story appropriate for this series, please do pass on your ideas by email to John Bond or Yara Zhgeib. If you would like to know more about the early years of Initiatives of Change and the conference centre in Caux please click here and visit the platform For A New World.

 

  • Photo black and white, Kenya, Nepal: Initiatives of Change
  • Photo CoP conference 2005: Isabelle Merminod
  • Photo participants 1991: Philip Carr
  • Photos launch 1991: Philip Carr
  • Videos: Creators of Peace/Initiatives of Change

 

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